Ubuzima bw’Umwami Yuhi Musinga w’u Rwanda

Umwami Yuhi V Musinga, umwe mu bami bayoboye u Rwanda mu bihe by’inzitane, yatanze ku wa 25 Ukuboza 1944 ari mu buhungiro i Moba muri Congo. Ubuzima bwe bwari bugoranye cyane kuko yahuriye n’ibizazane byinshi kuva mu bwana bwe kugeza atanze, harimo n’ihirikabutegetsi ryabereye ku Rucunshu. N’ubwo yabaye umwami mu gihe cy’ibibazo bikomeye mu mateka y’u Rwanda, Musinga yashoboye kumara imyaka 35 ku ngoma, agahangana n’ibitero byinshi by’abazungu n’abanyamahanga bashakaga kwigarurira igihugu. Kuva ku kuba umwana wa Kigeli Rwabugili na Nyirayuhi Kanjogera, kugeza ku gutangira mu buhungiro, amateka ya Yuhi Musinga ni isomo rikomeye ku mateka y’u Rwanda.

Bihe Bibi Ubwami bwa Musinga Bwaciyemo

Birashoboka ko Musinga ari umwe mu bami b’u Rwanda bayoboye mu bihe bibi cyane, nta bunararibonye bwo guhangana nabyo afite, ndetse n’ibizazane yahanganye nabyo kandi inkuruzi yabyo atarayigizemo uruhare. Amateka agaragaza ko Musinga yabayeho mu bihe bibi kandi bikomeye, birimo amahwa n’ubusharire bwinshi, uhereye mu bwana bwe, kugeza atanze.

Intangiriro y’Ubuzima bwa Yuhi Musinga

Yuhi Musinga, ni umuhungu wa Kigeli Rwabugili na Nyirayuhi Kanjogera, ni umwe mu bana basaga cumi na batanu Rwabugili yabyaranye n’abagore be bagera kuri 20. Yimye ingoma mu Ukuboza 1896 kugeza ku wa 12 Ugushyingo 1931.

Ubutoni bwa Kanjogera

Rwabugili yashatse Kanjogera mu buryo butunguranye, kuko se Rwakagara, yamuzanye ibwami nk’uje kumutura Rwabugili, biza kurangira abaye umwe mu bagore bwa Rwabugili, ndetse w’inkundwakazi kuruta abandi. Rwabugili yashatse Kanjogera nyuma y’urupfu rwa nyina Murorunkwere, wapfuye urw’akagambane, igihe cyo kumwerera kigeze baraguriza umugore ugomba kweza Rwabugili nk’uko amategeko y’ubwiru yabiteganyaga, inzuzi zerekana Kanjogera.

Ubukwe bwa Kanjogera

Ubukwe bwa Kanjogera bwabaye ahasaga mu wa 1879, bubera ku Ngara za Bumbogo bwa Gasabo (ubu ni mu Kagali ka Ngara mu Murenge wa Bumbogo wo mu Karere ka Gasabo). Abandi bagore ba mbere uko ari batatu bari baratesherejwe icyizere no kubeshya bagatuma inzirakarengane zipfa. Nguko uko Kanjogera yagiriwe icyizere yinjira mu buzima bwa Rwabugili atyo.

Musinga Nk’Umwami Wahuye n’Ibibazo Byinshi Cyane

Mu mvugo ivunaguye, Yuhi V Musinga wari ufite igisingizo cya Rugwizakurinda ni umwe mu bami b’u Rwanda wahuye n’insanganya mu buzima kurusha benshi, akaba umwami wasuzuguwe bikabije cyane kurusha abandi bami bose, umwami wasimbutse urupfu incuro nyinshi kurusha abandi.

Imyigire ya Musinga n’Indimi Yavugaga

Ni we mwami wa mbere mu Rwanda watunze amafaranga aturutse i Burayi. Ni na we wa mbere wize amasomo azanywe n’abazungu. Yigishwaga na mwarimu Laurent Nduhura amusanga mu ngoro ye i Nyanza. Musinga yumvaga neza igiswahili akamenya amwe mu magambo y’ikidage, ku buryo atari akeneye umusemuzi igihe yavuganaga n’abazungu.

Ibitero by’ingabo mu gihe cya Yuhi Musinga

Mu myaka ye 35 yamaze ku butegetsi, mu Rwanda imbere habayemo ibitero 38 by’ingabo zifite imbunda ziyobowe n’abazungu, abarwanyi ari abanyamahanga bahanganye n’abanyarwanda. Ahagana ku ndunduro y’ubuzima bwe, Musinga yaba yarafunzwe incuro zirenga eshatu, muri za kasho z’abazungu i Cyangugu, i Uvira, n’i Moba muri Congo.

Itangiriro rya Byose

Abatarishimiye uko Rwabugili arongoye umukobwa wo mu Abega, barateranye bafata umugambi wo kumubuza kubyara umwana wazaba umwami. Umuhungu we w’imfura witwaga Munana yamubyaye ahasaga mu wa 1880 amaze kuvuka bashaka uko bamuroga birabananira, amaze kugira imyaka itanu baramwiba baramutwara arazimira burundu. Ubwo hari nko mu mwaka wa 1883.

Kwiba Munana na Musinga

Munana bamutwaye Kanjogera amaze igihe gitoya abyaye Musinga. Rwabugili yamenyeshejwe iyo nkuru nziza y’ivuka rya Musinga ari mu gitero cy’i Minove mu karere ka Masisi, ku musozi witwa Kamuronsi. Hashize igihe gito Rwabugili yongera kubona inkuru imumenyesha ko Munana yapfuye urupfu rutamenyekanye. Nyuma yaho Kanjogera yaje kuva i Giseke na Nyagisenyi ajya gutura i Mwima wa Nyanza.

Mu mwaka wa 1886 icyo gihe Musinga yari afite imyaka itatu, ba bantu batishimiye ko Kanjogera yabyara umwana uzaba umwami akagira umugabekazi uvuye mu muryango w’Abega, barongera batuma abagizi ba nabi, biba Musinga baramutwara. Musinga bamushyize mu giseke kinini cyane bamutsindagiramo, ku buryo atashoboraga kwinyagambura. Bamunyurana ku mayaga ya Butare bamujyanye kumuroha mu Kanyaru. Kubera kunanirwa, baratuye bararuhuka, agatotsi kabatwaye haza abajura bavuye kwiba inka.

Barabakanze bariruka ya nkangara bayita aho, abo bajura barayikorera bayijyana iwabo, bayipfunduye basangamo umwana w’umushishe. Bamubajije uko yitwa ababwira ko yitwa Musinga. Avuga amazina y’ababyeyi be, babyumvise bagira ubwoba, kuko bumvise ari umwana w’igikomangoma. Nyuma yaho biga ubwenge bwo kujya kubivuga ibwami. Bagezeyo Rwabugili arabakira, bamubwira ko batoraguye umwana we, bamusobanurira uko bamubonye. Amaze kubyumva abategeka kujya kubibwira Kanjogera.

Kugarura Musinga

Kanjogera na we amaze kubyumva yabategetse kujya kumuheka bakamumuzanira. Musinga baramuheka bamugarura i Nyanza. Nyuma yaho Kanjogera yongeye kubyara abandi bana babiri, umukobwa n’umuhungu, bose barabaroga bapfa bakiri bato cyane. Musinga yakuze ari wenyine nta wundi muvandimwe bavukana kuri nyina, uretse abandi bana Rwabugili yari yarabyaranye n’abandi bagore.

Uburakari bwa Kanjogera

Aha niho agahinda n’uburakari bwa Kanjogera byatangiriye. Kuba yari we mugore muto, umugore mwiza byahebuje, umugore wizewe kandi ukunzwe, akagira abanzi bamuhekuye incuro eshatu zose, byamuteye umutima mubi. Mu buto bwa Musinga bavuga ko yari umusore w’ingeso nziza, ukunda bakuru be na barumuna be bakomoka kuri se, kandi agakunda abaturage cyane. Ngo yakundaga intore, agakunda umukino wo kumasha, ubundi agakunda ibitaramo by’amahamba, n’amateka ya ba sekuruza. Itorero ry’intore za Musinga ryitorezaga i Nyanza ahitwa mu Kaguri.

Ingaruka z’makosa y’Abiru

Kubera ko abiru nabo babaga bakomeye kandi bazi amabanga yose y’ibwami, bashoboye kumvisha Rwabugili uko Umugabekazi atazava mu bwoko bw’Abega, bituma bemeza ko Rutalindwa ariwe uzaba umwami uzamusimbura. Ibyo yabikoze ku itariki 22 Ukuboza 1885, umuhango wo kumwimika ubera muri Nyaruguru ahitwa mu Ngeli.

Muri uwo muhango wabereye mu Ngeli, hari umuhanzi w’umusizi witwaga Ngurusu wazimije abwira Rwabugili ko ibyo akoze binyuranyije n’amategeko. Ati “Ntaho byabaye gutsindira umwami umugore uhetse umuhungu wabyaye”. Rwabugili ararakara aramusubiza ati “Noneho si ugusiga ni ukwiterera mu mata nk’isazi”

Ikwirakwiza rya Musinga ku ngoma

Nyuma y’igihe kirekire cy’amakimbirane n’ibibazo bikomeye, Musinga yabashije gufata intebe y’ubwami bitagoranye, nyamara byahuriranye n’ihirikwa rya Rutalindwa ryabereye ku Rucunshu. Ubwami bwe bwahuye n’ibibazo byinshi, ahanini byatewe n’abamurwanyije bamushinja kwambura Rutalindwa ubutegetsi yari yimitswe n’ubwiru, ibintu byamubabaje cyane kuko nta ruhare yari abifitemo. Ibihe by’ubutegetsi bwe byabayemo ibibazo bikomeye kandi byinshi mu mateka y’u Rwanda, kuko inkingi za mwamba zari zisigasiye ubuzima bw’igihugu zasenywe ku ngoma ye, cyane cyane mu bihe by’Abakoroni b’Ababiligi. Amaherezo, bamusimbuje ku ngoma ku wa 12 Ugushyingo mu w’1931, ahita asimburwa ku ngoma n’umuhungu we Rudahigwa, wahisemo gufata izina rya Mutara III Rudahigwa.