Inkuru ya Rukara rwa Bishingwe

Uyu mugabo Rukara rwa Bishingwe, yabayeho ku ngoma ya Yuhi V Musinga, umwami wategetse u Rwanda hagati y’umwaka wa 1895 na 1931 hakurikijwe igenekereza ry’urutonde rw’Abami bategetse u Rwanda rya Padiri Alegisi Kagame. Rukara afite benshi bamukomokaho mu nzu y’ Abarashi, benshi muri aba bakaba batuye mu Karere ka Burera mu murenge wa Gahunga ho mu ntara y’Amajyaruguru, aho bakunze kwita mu Gahunga k’Abarashi.

Inkuru y’Umuntu Umuzi Neza

Ndagijimana Yuvenari ; umwe mu buzukuru be, avuga ko ibyo azi kuri sekuru Rukara abikesha uruhererekane mvugo ni ukuvuga ko yabyumvanye se. Uyu mugabo avuga ko inzu y’Abarashi ibarizwa mu bwoko bw’Abacyaba b’Abarashi, bakomoka kuri Karashi ari we mukurambere wabo. Kwitwa Karashi ngo byaba byaratewe n’uko ngo uyu musekuruza yari umukogoto w’umuheto (umuhanga mu kurashisha umuheto.)

Karashi ngo yavaga inda imwe n’abandi bahungu barimo Kanaga ndetse na Karandura, imiryango yabo ikaba ifite inkomoko muri Ankole nkuko Ndagijimana abivuga. Ndagijimana akomeza avuga ko benshi mu barashi babaye ibyamamare mu ngabo z’i bwami ariko uwamamaye cyane ari Rukara rwa Bishingwe wari umutware w’abakemba, uruyenzi, abemeranzigwe n’urukandagira, iyi yose ikaba yari imitwe y’ingabo yariho ku ngoma ya Yuhi Musinga.

Intebe y’ubutware bw’ ingabo Rukara rw’igikundiro, urwa Semukanya intahanabatatu ya Rutamu mu nteruro y’icyivugo cye, ngo yayizunguyeho (yayirazwe) se Bishingwe kuko ngo nawe yatwariraga Kigeli IV Rwabugili ingabo. Rukara rwa Bishingwe ngo yari umugabo w’igihagararo, ibigango n’igitinyiro nk’uko bamwe mu banditsi b’amateka y’u Rwanda bamubonye babyanditse. Umwanditsi Dufays, yanditse ko yari afite nka metero imwe na santimetero 90 mu gihagararo.

Rukara rwa Bishingwe ngo yagiraga ihinyu cyane.

Mu buzima bwe, Rukara rwa Bishingwe ngo yakunze guhinyura abantu bakomeye ariko ngo byagera ku mugabekazi Nyirayuhi Kanjogera wategekeraga umuhungu we Musinga wari akiri igihenga (umwana muto) muri icyo gihe bikaba akarusho.
Umunsi umwe ngo Rukara yasanze uyu mugabekazi wakundaga guca imanza yikinze inyuma y’inyegamo, maze ngo aramuhinyura avuga ko urubanza rwo mu nyegamo na nyina Kavumbi yaruca.

Uretse ibi, Ndagijimana umwe mu buzukuru be avuga ko yumvaga Se avuga ko Rukara yubahukaga cyane umugabekazi Kanjogera kuko ngo hari n’igihe yamunyariye ku ntebe undi ayihagurutseho.

Si umugabekazi gusa utaravugaga rumwe na Rukara kuko ngo atanacanaga uwaka n’abazungu cyane cyane abapadiri kuko baje bacengeza inyigisho z’ubukirisitu mu gihe abatuye aka gace k’Umurera bari bakomeye ku idini gakondo ya Nyabingi.
Ikindi kandi ngo ubwo abazungu bageraga muri kariya gace bigabije amwe mu masambu y’abarashi bayashingamo imbago bashaka kuhubaka amazu.

Uyu mugabo avuga ko Rukara ari we wafashe iya mbere mu kurandura izo mbago maze Padiri Paulin Lupiyasi bahimbaga Rugigana akamutumaho inshuro nyinshi ngo yisobanure ariko ngo Rukara akamuninira ntamwitabe. Gusa uyu mugabo avuga ko byageze aho Rukara akemera kwitaba Padiri Lupiyasi bagahurira ahitwa kuri Nyabyungo ubu hubatse kiriziya. Bahuriye kuri Nyabyungo Lupiyasi ngo yaramukije Rukara agira ati : « yambu » kandi ngo iyo ndamukanyo Rukara yarayifataga nk’igitutsi cyo kwamburwa abana.

Rukara ngo yamwihanangirije kutazongera kumubwira iryo jambo, Lupiyasi we abibonamo agasuzuguro amukubita urushyi maze Rukara nawe amuterera ku munigo kugeza anogotse. Urupfu rwa Padiri Rupiyasi rwateye Rukara guhungira mu Ndorwa ndetse na benshi mu barashi bahungira i Kongo, mu Bufumbira (Uganda), n’ahandi, bose batinya ko abazungu bazaza guhorera mwene wabo.

Kwerekeza mu Ndorwa, Rukara yashakaga kwisunga Ndungutse wari warahigaruriye n’ubwo nawe atari yorohewe na busa n’ubutegetsi bwa Musinga bwamuregaga kubwigumuraho.

Abazungu bamenye ko Rukara yahungiye kuri Ndungutse bamusabye kubaha Rukara arabyemera yibwira ko nabo bazamukiza Musinga wari warahagurukiye kurwanya abigometse ku bwami bwe bose nubwo bitabaye kuko bitabujije umudage Liyetona Goduwiyusi kumutera ku ya 13 Mata 1912.

Ubwo Rukara ngo yabuguzaga na Ndungutse mu rugo, abasirikare b’abazungu bari ku mugambi na Ndungutse baje rwihishwa bamugwa gitumo baramuboha ariko muri uko kumuboha ngo hagwa umwe mu basirikare ahitanwe na Rukara ndetse ngo Rukara yiyambura impuzu ahenera Ndungutse amuvuma ngo ntakime ingoma mu Rwanda. Nyuma yo gufatwa akabohwa Rukara yajyanywe kunyongerwa mu Ruhengeri aho yarashwe urufaya rw’amasasu.

Ibikorwa bya Rukara byakoze kuri bamwe mu Barashi

Mbere y’uko Rukara anyongwa ngo yasize ashinganishije abamukomokaho kuko ngo yasabye abazungu bari bagiye kumwica kutazamukorera ku bana n’ubwo ibyo bitabujije ko abakomoka mu nzu y’abarashi ndetse n’ abari batuye Umurera muri rusange bahura n’ingaruka zitandukanye nk’uko umwuzukuru we Ndagijimana abivuga.

Uyu avuga ko bumwe mu butaka bw’abarashi bari barahunze nyuma y’uko Rukara yivugana umuzungu bwigaruriwe n’abandi baturage ntibanabusubizwe mu gihe bahungukaga. Uretse n’ibyo, uyu mugabo avuga ko mu mashuri bamwe mu batuye kano gace bahejwe n’abapadiri bari bayoboye uburezi bw’icyo gihe. Ati :” twabayeho nabi nta munyeshuri wa hano wigeze azamuka mu mashuri . Tubonye abanyeshuri batsinda vuba”.

Icyakora Ndagijimana avuga ko ubu umuryango w’abacyaba b’abarashi wagutse ku buryo ngo ubasanga henshi mu gihugu cyane cyane mu duce tw’amajyaruguru nka Ruhengeri na Gisenyi. Avuga kandi ko benshi mu bakomoka mu nzu y’Abarashi bafata Rukara rwa Bishingwe nk’intwari idateze kwibagirana mu mateka y’abarashi.

Rukara rwa Bishingwe yica Umuzungu

Ubwo hari Kuwa 1 mata 1910, rero nibwo Rukara rwa Bishingwe yahitanye umupadiri wakomokaga mu Bufaransa witwaga Paulin Loupias amutsinda mu bunyabunga ho mu Burera. Uwo munsi Rukara yari yitabye Pariri Loupias ngo yisobanure ku mpamvu yatumye arandura imbago zari zashinzwe n’abazungu mu isambu y’abarashi, Umuryango Rukara yakomokagamo.

Akimara gughura n’uwo muzungu rero, umuzungu yasuhuje Rukara mu giswayire agira ati: ‘Yambu, Rukara’ undi amwihanangiriza kutazongera kumusuhuza atyo kuko Rukara yavugaga ko yambu ari ukwamburwa abana.

Ibi Loupias yabifashe nk’agasuzuguro, aba amukubise urushyi maze Rukara azabiranywa n’uburakari aba yadukiye Padiri amuta ku mu wa Kajwiga kugeza amunogonoyemo umwuka.

Rukara Rwa Bishingwe utarajyaga imbizi n’abazungu yahise ashyirirwaho igihano na Rezida w’umudage witwa Gudovius abifashijwemo n’abayobozi bo mu Nduga bari abatoni ba Musinga, nuko banemeza guca Rukara mu gihugu. Ibi ariko banabikoze bagamije kwigarurira akarere kose nk’ikiguzi cy’ibyo Rukara yakoze nkuko inyandiko ya Viret Emanuel igaruka cyane ku ruhererekane rw’amateka y’u Rwanda kuva 1867 kugeza 1994 ibigaragaza.

Mu nanga ya Sebatunzi yanasubiwemo n’umukirigitananga Munyakazi Déo, bagaruka ku buryo Rukara akimara kumenya ko atumijweho n’umuzungu bo bitaga Rugigana yakenze ko ishyamba atari ryeru maze ahamagara umuhungu we Nyirinkwaya amutumaho imitwe y’ingabo ze zose zarimo abakemba, Uruyenzi, Abemeranzigwe n’Urukandagira abatereka intango maze arabibatekerereza anabihanangiriza kutazamuterekera nagera i Burayi.

Imitwe y’ingabo yose yarataratse irivuga isezeranya Rukara kutamutaba mu nama ariko ubwo Rukara yatangiraga gushyamirana na Loupias bapfa ko amubwiye Yambu kandi yarayifataga nk’igitutsi maze na Loupias agashinja Rukara kumusuzugura bahise batana mu mitwe maze umuzungu asumira Rukara amukubita ikirato amutera n’ikofe, ya mitwe y’ingabo yose ikwira imishwaro.

Umwe muri izo ngabo witwa Manuka ngo yahise ahindukira akubita icondo ry’ingabo uwo muzungu amuhirika kuri Rukara maze Rukara aramwigaranzura amuta ku munigo kugeza ubwo aheze umwuka ni ko kwivuga agira ati “Ndakwishe Intahanabatatu ya Rutamu Nyir’urugi ruvuga nk’indamutsa, ndakwishe ndi se wa Nyirinkwaya.”

Rukara rwa Bishingwe wakundaga kwiyita Urwigikundiro, urwa Semukanyi, Intahanabatatu yahise ahunganan’ingabo ze zose bahungira i Bufumbira.

Rukara yishwe agambaniwe na Ndungutse

Hadaciye kabiri bahungiye Bufumbira, umwe mu bagaragu ba Rukara yaramusuye amutura inzoga mu kibindi maze amutekerereza ko mu gihugu himye umwami mushya maze Rukara amusubiza ko n’ubundi nta maramuko y’iw’abandi hamunaniye. Abaza uwo mugaragu ati” Uwo mwami yimye yitwa nde ?” Ni ko kumusubiza ko himye Ndungutse kuri Rutangira.

Rukara yahisemo kuva ishyanga akagana Ndungutse yishyingikirije ko se na sekuru bahatswe n’umwami. Rukara yasabye Ndungutse kumurinda abazungu kuko yanganye na bo. Ndungutse yasubije Rukara ati “Narabimenye ga Rukara humura ndabakurinda.”

Bukeye Ndungutse yohererejwe urwandiko n’abazungu bamusaba kuzabafatira Rukara. Nubwo Nyirinkwaya yaburiye Rukara ko yaguzwe agiye kwicwa, Rukara yamusubije ko atagiye kugwa mu gihuru, ko yemeye kwicwa agahorwa umuzungu yahotoye.

Ubwo Ndungutse yatumyeho Rukara ngo babuguze, bakibuguza Rukara yubuye amaso abona mu ntanzi z’urugo uwitwa Pawulo arahingutse. Rukara ati “Yampayinka Bishingwe, ese Ndungutse nawe koko? Ng’ibiriya ibyo nanganye na byo biraje.” Ndungutse ni ko kumusubiza ati “humura ndabikurinda”. Rukara ati “ Ntabwo ukibindinze ahubwo wantanze mba ndoga umwami!”.

Uwo Pawulo yaje bwangu agize ngo arasuhuza Rukara muri ya ndamukanyo ngo ‘Yambu’ maze Rukara ati “Yambu nayanganiye na sobuja”. Igitero simusiga cyari kizanye na Pawulo cyataye Rukara muri yombi ariko asiga avumye Ndungutse ati “Ntukime i Rwanda ndi Umucyaba, ndagiye Urw’igikundiro rwa Semukanya, ngiye kwishyura icyo nakoze ariko wowe uzishyura icyo utakoze.”

Rukara ageze mu Ruhengeri aho yagombaga kunyongerwa yongeye kubwirwa yambu maze asubiza ko adashaka kwamburwa abana be. Abajijwe uwishe umuzungu ati “Nawe banza umwibwire numvise ngo muzi kwandika kandi ibyo ubimbariza iki?”. Abari aho bose bahamije Rukara ko ari we wishe umuzungu maze ababwira ko n’ubundi bamubarizaga ubusa ko ari we wamwishe kandi atabiguraho.

Yasezeye abana be n’ingabo ze ariko asaba umuzungu kutazamukorera ku bana kuko agiye gupfa ari umwe nk’uko na we yishe umwe. Yakikijwe n’abasirikare imbere n’inyuma maze ajya kunyongwa ariko mbere yo kumugezayo bivugwa ko yabanje kwisasira abanda Bazungu babiri.

Amateka avuga ko Rukara yemeye akanyongwa amanitse mu mugozi agapfa ariko abazungu bakabanza kugira ubwoba ko atapfuye, niko kuzana muganga aramupima aba ari we wemeza ko yapfuye.

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